Window control means



Nov. 16, 1943. LL c. MAHER 2,334,635

WINDOW CONTROL MEANS Filed Feb. 24, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l INVENTOR; au renc@ 'Maer.

BY j & MMM' 4may Nov. 16, 1943. L. c. MAHER 2,334,635

WINDOW CONTROL MEANS IN V EN TOR, aarenc'eaezz )Y BY' f v UJI y r/gl Patented Nov. 16, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE -WINDow CONTROL MEANS y Laurence C. Maher, Asbury Park, N. J. Application February 24, 1940, Serial No. 320,626 i 12 claims.

The present invention relates to an improvement in devices for controlling sectionalwindow Ventilating devices for motor cars, although not so limited, and such modificationsy as may be made to permit of locking control of the manual raising or lowering of windows in automobile doors, and the like, whereby the sections or windows, so manually controlled, may be automatically locked .in adjusted positions, against wind pressure, or otherundesired forces, as the adjustments are made. f

In some respects, the present invention is an improvement over the structures shown and described in my United States Patent No. 2,231,728 of February 11, 1941, and the present improvement comprehends the use vof structures, as will hereinafter appear, in detail, whereby modified or added structures and functions are involved, to provide means whichmay beV automatically resistant to normal reactions against closing -action of the adjusted parts involved, after adjustment takes place to the desired Ventilating or closing degree..4

Amongst the features of advantage in' the present improvement, is the provision of a mechanism, whereby in one use, means are provided for adjustably setting a pivoted,jventilating section of a window, whereby resistant locking of said section, for vehicle or other purposes,V is automatically accomplished at the termination of said adjustment control in any desired position, or degree, without recourse to any added manipulation ofrextraneous parts.

A further advantage liesV in the provision of a modiied formof the structure herein, adaptable to the raising and lowering of vehicle windows, especially sliding glass window constructions, whereby, by the provisionof-a simple controlled, movable construction, such windows. mayv be merely opened or closed to the desired degree of opening or closing, and, upon cessation of the adjusting operation, the movable control means automatically lock the movable or slidable window or sector in desired position.v Thus, the manual control means contain inherent locking means for preventing inadvertent movement of the Window itself or its sectors, by forces other than the manual movement control means, both of which are, preferably, controlled from the interior side of the window.

In certain constructions, hereinV disclosed, means for automatically braking the operative mechanisms are shown, whereby the operative means for Ventilating or other purposes, are immediately operative to lock the said means in open Ventilating position, orV closed, non-ventilating position, as desired. A Y v l The foregoing and other features of advantage, will appear as the herein description proceeds and it will be obvious that modications may be made in the structure herein disclosed' and described without departing from the-spirit hereof or the scope of the appended claims.

-In'the`drawings,- I l Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view, in elevation, showing the herein device in' connection with .a segmental, Ventilating windowl control;

Fig. 2 is a 'sectional View, taken on line 2-2, Fig. l, looking in the direction of theA arrows;

l Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; j Y

Fig. 4 is a side view of aV modified form of the present construction, -showing the device arranged for raising and lowering a sliding window; Fig. 5 is an end view takeny on line 5-5, Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a view, similar to Fig. 4, showing further operative details of Fig.4; 1 x i Fig. 7 is a fragmentary` sectional View, taken on line 1 1, Fig. 6, looking. in the direction of the arrows; Y

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in side elevation showing a form of gear braking means in connection with the constructions shown in Figs. 4 and'e; 1'. i

.l Fig. 9.is a view in elevation, showing a fragmentary, modied form of braking device; and Fig. 10 is a sectional view, taken on line lll-l 0, Fig. 9, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing certain control land mechanism braking means therefor. 'g In the drawings, Fig. ljdiscloses a vertically pivoted Ventilating Vwindow section, generally denoted by S, which comprises a transparent glass pane 26, shown fragmented, for convenience, which is surrounded by a supporting, encompassing metal frame 24, and a ller insert member 25, which is inserted between the edges of the pane 26 and the outer frame 24, in the usual manner. Y Y A The lower horizontal portion of the frame, Figs. 1 and y2V is provided 'with a xed, oiset pivot extension 23', the upper end of which isV provided with a frame and pivot connecting ange'u. The upper horizontal edgeof the frame'24,"not shown, is provided with a similar, alined upper pivot, not shown, which iits'into an external upper, outerrdo'or frame, 'whereby the glass panel 26 may be swung inwardly or outwardly, like a rudder, for Ventilating purposes. This type'of structure is well known in current automobile doors. y

As a means for operating to vertically swing the rudder-like pane 26 and its framing, there is provided a, preferably, metal support comprising an angle iron member composed of a lower ange I, and an integral, vertical ange 2, Fig. 2, which may form the platform connection between the lower end of the opening oi the window open-A ing in the door trame, not shown, but understood, in this construction.'

On the lower leg of the angle I, of the angle I-2, is rotatably located a compound gear 9,

which is constructed with a rim portion I ,the upper face of which is providedwitna circular.

rim of gear teeth 8, preferably, in the form of a bevel gear. This bevel gear is; oating and roi.

tatably rests upon the upper face 20 oi the angle l leg I, Fig. 2, and being without a fixed rotational Center. is, asthus mounted; torito@ 1.1. ..=,-1.ti.1.1e.rote-` tion thereon, -without centrai or,y aiial lQiatiVe oonstrioton.V g

'The verticallee? of. the, ariela iron. near .its upper effige. Il )isprovided with an operi endedverticalv truhoion, bearing slot. 12.Y which reoeives. therein, as a.oopstmotooaldotaL the. heb, or, boss I4' ofthe ,fixed center, bevel toothed pinion I4" the bevel teeth I4 of which; engageably and rotatably mesh with` the teeth, 8.a of; the bevel gear 1 at an. angle thereto. Y

In order to. removably,v and; replaoeably hold. the bevel pinion `I 4".fkk in xd; rotative position inthe slotted bearing 2.2i there is'. prmficled a ref versely, slotted keeper plate I2. which4 is.. forked overthe hub. i4.' of pinionilAand is xedlv held, to the vertical leg 2 of the angle iron lf2; by. screws I,3.-I3, which enter the leg 2, to. hold said plate` I2 to leggZ, Figs. 1 and: 2, asiat. lf2', FigS- 1 and`2.

The` pinion. L4. is. provided With. an aiiixed, frictionally.. held pinionrotating shaft t5, Whererl bythepinio'n L4.'v may. be manually. rotated, said shaft I5 having areducedshoulder I9. andl an extended .portion.upon-.tine outerl end@ of: which is located a modifiedthumb nut- I.Ig, whereby, upon manual rotation of the nut II, the pinionf L43." isrotated on its xedicenterto. causerotationof thefloating. gearjL JEtotationV ofi-.pinion I4 causes. consequentl rotationY of gearl, and. this m' ove.` ment, in turn, causes rotation of vertical shaft. 23,', which, as, earlierjherein. indicated, is. iixedly attached to thebottom of =the vouterwindowx frame. 24, byilange 245.. Theflowenend. of. pivot 23 is connected to a bridgingbarl, Figs. 2 and 3, which is rigidly. attached-iat: its. opposite ends. to. the circular rim 1', which is integralY with gearA blank 1, Figs; 2 and 3. A Thusz rotation of` gearV 9 causes a rotational or pivotal movementof frame 24 and its attached windowpanel 26,'k i

As a means for maintaining the offset moving or floating''gearA 9-`in`desired operative position upon its angle baseA I, thein'ner lower face on rim 1, isV providedwith a iiiiedtooth gear section I0, Figs; 1 and 2, Whichis meshed-with a-toothed pinion 3, Whihl has. als. integral Stub Shoftrr Whleh 1.11 iufm is mounted. for. a. lod central rotation. inY ane'lofiaoee' l., and. there v held. by.. o. pintegofon. collar; 5, by pit through Ashaft 4- Rtationof thumb nur lltoausosbevel pinion *4f to rotate iioatinggear 9, to rotateglass panel 26,

said gear S'being held in oscillatingiloating rotational position. by., spur pinion` 3, Upon cessatioiioi thlrotationLof thumb mit. I'Lanif extranee.

ous air or pressure movements upon the pivoted panel S, or 26, moving the panel through the angle a, tends to snuck or cause offset of gear 9 out of its normal driven position with spur pinion 3, in the dotted lines as indicated by b, Fig. 3, shown diagrammatically, and thus cramp gear 9 against pinion 3, and thus act as a lock for gear 9, against any further movement, except as controlled by manipulation by thumb nut I'I and its controlled bevel pinion I4. Thus any extraneous or reverse force applied to panel S, or 26, causes a rigid lock of the said panel, unless readjusted or released by applied movement through manipulation of pinion I4".

The modified device, of Figs. 4 and 5, while mounted on an angle member I-2, as described for Figs. 1,' 2 and 3, may be without bevel teeth 8 0n gear 9, and thus, its outer periphery 25,

toy

being smooth, is in substantial, more or less frictional contact with the inner face 2 of leg 2 ottheangle iron I .-,2-. In this construction the leefl; f.-theai1ele ironmay be vertically arranged, While. the lee .Z-

horizontally.. located and the bridgeplate 23ghasf xedly mounted thereon the shaft/ and the gear 9 isthus floatingly mounted tor vertical rotation in its operative position. The horizontal legy 2 of` the angle iron I.-2` may be prcpvigled with two right angled retaining ledges 27', which may overlap the outer face 1' of the gear 9, thus toretain theA gear. 9. in free oating position upon the inner faceof leg I of the angle iron, as shown in Fig. 5;

The invention. according to; Figs. 4r and 5. may be employed,g to raise or lower'a window sash, attachedto arm fby any known means. The pinionv avmay'be rotated by means of a handle mounted on, shaft 4;. By clockwise rotation of the pinion s; the. floating gear 9 is rotated substantially about the axis of shaft 23 to eiect raising of the sash.Y The. weight: of the sash tends. to rock the gear about an axis-.between the pinion 3r and angle facev 2 thereby. jamming the gear 9 against further rotation about this last mentioned axis. ByrotatingA thepinion 3. in the` reverse direction the gear 9; isloosened. and madeto'l rotate substantially .about its owny axis.

In the. modied constructionsv shown inv Figs. 4, 5,4 6; 7: and.- 8', the gear 9. is thus located in` vertical rotative. positionwhereby these latter modified; formsmayr beJ utilized for raising and lowering window.A panels and'theirappurtenant frames, as 'will now be described.

As shown inFigs. 4 and 5, theointegral bridge piece. 23may belsuitably aiiixed. near one face of ther gearY 9, and there:r mayv be attached thereto an. olfset, extending window elevating control levenC, shown inv fragmented extension, -in Figs. 4U and- 5, whereby,'upon operation of pinion 3, gear 9is rotated andthe lowerendff of lever C maybe oscillated: in the directionof arrowsvd e, Fig. 4 toora'isey o1=-lowerthe vertically movable sectionV of: a window.V`v When the window moving section isr'aised', orlowered, the natural load or Weight reaction thereof, causes the gear Sto oscillateabout the center of' the fixed center actuatingv pinion s, and thus, bg-,frictional onset, 'rim engaeementpwiththo.inner Sulfate 2' of les, 2L to iam. and. thus. prevent any rotatohalmovement of gear 9, until the pinion 3 is further moved, as desired. Thus pinion, Iibinds. the Window operating gear and arm-nlokedposition,

Iflieoisetmovementof gear, 971s shown inV ex,- egeratedorm by the' d0'ted-seti.Qr.1.b..Fie. 3, this oiisotl motefrent oailsnev a.. we deine 'action of..

gear 9, between the fixed pinion 3 and one face of G is mounted two opposed gib-like'lugs D, whichv are held to leg l, by screws S-S, or equivalentL means.

The said guiding lugs D-D are so located as to be engageable below the rotatable center of internal'gear 9,Fig. 6, to permit of free movement of said gear about its variable rotational center. The -xed center pinion 3',a`s previously described, engages the internal gear teeth I of gear 9, yand upon rotation of pinion 3 upon its fixed central shaft 4, Fig. 6, the gear 9 is caused Vto'rotate.V

Fig. 7 shows one form of the groove and tongue gear holding means, in partial section. A

In Fig. 8 there is disclosed a fragmentary, sectional view, the structure of which, in its details may be applied to a structure, modified from/ Figs. 4 or 6. In this structure, the angle iron |-2, is utilized, as earlier described, but the floating gear 9, which is also provided with internal gear teeth I0, to cooperate with the teeth of fixed pinion 3 of, for instance, Figs. 3, 4 or 6, is located in such a manner that its perimeter is spaced a predetermined distance froml the inner face 2 of leg 2 of the angle iron |-2, so as to permit of the introduction of a pivoted brake shoe S', which is pivoted toleg I, by a pivotpin P. The brake shoe S may be crescent shaped, with its operative braking face Pso located as to be adjustably engageable with the face 25 of gear 9, so that when said gearlis moved o its non-fixed center, as shown at b, Fig. 3, it will engage with the braking face P when in 01T- set position and be jammed against any rotational movement, eXcept as controlled rotation by the control pinion 3.`

In Figs. 9 and 10, are shown further modified forms of the load locking or braking means, wherein the main, non-fixed, rotational gear 4|, of free iloating habit, as described for gear 9, of Figs. 1 to 'l inclusive, is controlled by an external toothed spur pinion 36, Fig. 9, the fixed shaft 31 of which, when manually turned, causes the fixed center spur pinion 36 to rotate the floating gear 4|, in either of the opposed directions of the arrows 46--46, Fig. 9, as shown in connection with the window lifting lever 45. As in the previously described figures, the gear 4| is not mounted to rotate about a fixed center, yet the teeth 4D thereof areengageable with the teeth 39 of spur pinions 35. The toothed portion 40 of gear 4| may be of sufficient circumferential amplitude to permit the said gear 4| to be rotated in a complete revolution, or as shown in Fig. 9, in any lesser degree thereof.

The gear 4| may have a bridge piece -42`attached to one face thereof, and suitably held thereto byV suitable terminal rivets 43-43 and spaced from the gear by spacer blocks 42'. The mid-portion of the bridge piece 42.may have rigidly vaillxed thereto by rivets 44, one end of a window lifting lever arm 45, so that rotativeand to gear 4| by said arm 45. y

togear 4| is The manually operated pinion is rotatably A held between two frame forming plates 35 and 38, shown fragmentarily in Figs. 9 and 10, and these may be suitably 'allixed `to appurtenantportions ofthe window frame or holding structure, not shown, to accomplish the desired purpose.

The frame portionr, in the form of ya strip,

Fig. 9, -may be bored to rotatably support the pinion operating shaft 31, Fig. 9, and its lower end may be extended to 'pivotally support thereon, a preferably, hollow, flanged brake shoe 41, said shoe being held thereto by a headed pivot 39', Figs. 9 and 10. The brake shoe 41 isintended v to have some pivotal freedom on its mounting, and is so mounted, as shown in Fig. 10 to flanged-V ly span both*` faces of gear 4|,'with its hollow, interior chamber48 located opposite the inner non-toothed face of the ring or annular formed gear/4|. As thus shown, the gear 4|, while rotatably controlled -bythe pinion 36 in either direction of rotation, as per arrows 46-46, is free to be voffset,'upon the brake shoe support 41 by a' static load imposed thereon, by the weight of the4 window structure controlled by the lever 45. OneV direction of such offset is shown by the dotted construction -lines 46', Fig. 9. Such off-r set movement-of the gear 4| may be in the opposite oscillatory direction from that indicated in Fig.l 9.

rI he interior chamber 48 may be provided'withi a ilat or leaf spring 49, which maybe of arcuate construction, as shown dotted, in Fig. 9, so that while its outer extremities may bear upon the lower face of the brake shoe chamber 4B, the upper crown thereof may bear uponthe inner face of the annular gear 4|, Figs. 9 and 10. This spring, as constructed, acts normally to prevent rattle and looseness of the coacting parts, but does not interfere with the double, offset locking action between the gear 4| and the locking brake` shoe 41, such double offset action being caused bythe mutual movementsof the brake shoe and In each of the .constructions herein disclosed, it is obvious that the `floating main gear is manually controlled forrotational movement by a fixedA center pinion in desired window adjustment control, and, upon release of the pinion control movement the floating gear means, by reason of the secondary or adjunctive window load mposed thereon, is caused to move to an offset jamming or load braking position,immediately, without undue looseness or chatter, but is also immediately restorable and movable to operative position upon operation of the manually operable pinion. Y

Thelast above noted functional action is common to all of the structural forms shown herein.

What is claimed is:

l. In combination, an angle iron base comprisy ing a horizontal web provided with a hole near its axis, and an upright web having a bearing opening in its upper portion; a drive miterpinion mounted in said bearing opening; a floating annular gear resting on said horizontal web and having ruiter-gear teeth engaging said pin-V ion; saidgear having an inner circumferential face; a braking fulcrum part mounted in said hole, said part substantially opposing said pinion; transmitting means driven'by the gear at a point remote from said fulcrum part; said gear, pinion, transmitting Vmeans,V and said fulcrum `The floating lock or jam movement alotted indicated by the dotted lines 46",'

part being so disposed relative to each other that extraneous force on saidv transmitting means causes the said fulcrum part to be pressed upon byfsaid circumferential face with a force approximately normal to the fulcrum part and causesy hole, and anupright web provided with a bearing opening; aA backing spur pinion flat on the lower web and having integralv therewith a stubshaft rotatable in said bea-ring hole; a floating.'V

annular gear resting onv said lower web and: having internal gear teeth meshing'with the pinion at the side adjacent *tothe. upright web; said= gear having outwardly downwardly inclined crown miter gear teeth at its upper part; 'a drive shaft in said. opening; a drive miter pinion' mounted on said shaft; the teeth' off the miter pinion converging toward the axisl offY the gear; and meshingy fromv above with thefmiter crown: teeth,.whereby the annular gear is held flat? upon the lower web and in mesh with both pinions,- whereby any torque applied directly tosaid' gearV causes the floating gear to'rockon a changeable' vertical axisthereby causing the miter teeth of the annular gear and the teeth: of the miterY pinion to press together and wedge: that partv of theV annular gear between thelower web` and the teeth of the miter gear, and-causing the: spurv pinion' and annular gear topress-.togethentheree byV causing all` of the engaged. teeth to'vv jam;y thereby `holding the gear against rotationr4 byY torque applied directly thereto.

3l In combination, a pivotedv brak-ing member' provided with opposed side flanges; a` floating; gear providedv with external' teethV and' havingv the inner circumferential portion. thereofloosely engaging said member between. sai'd ila'ng'es; an= armadaptedto'move a window sash! and mounted on said gear; a drive pinionengaging said'. teeth and mounted to impart movement-to' ther gear; the-braking member and? the pinion'- being positioned toholdi theA oating' gear infengagement with'the' member andthe pinion; whereby.' an. extraneous force on said arm ltendingtoro'clr` said gear on apoint between tliep'inion andthe'V member causes the gear to jam on theme'rnber.

4. In combination, anangle-iron basecomprisfing. a horizontal web having a-bearingiportion near its axis,- andv an upright web having av recessin its uppei portion; a backing spur-pinion-'fl'atvl on the lower web and having integral therewith a stub-shaft rotatable in 'said bearing opening and having a collar fast on its lower endl and engaging againstthe lower face-ofthe'lowerweb to hold said pinionin place; a oating'annula'r gear or rack resting on said lowerweb and having an internal diameter nearly twice asfgre'at as the diameter of the pinion, and havinginternal gear teeth meshing with the pinion atth'ef side adjacent tothe upright webpsaid gear having outwardly downwardly inclined. crown' miter'- gear teetliatv its` upper part and having' a dia-LV metric barv across` the gear carrying a' spindle coaxial with the gear' supporting the fra'n'i'efolA aglass of a Ventilating window; a. bearing2 plate' removably secured over said recess inlthe upright .l webV and provided with. a: large". bearing opening; a drive miter-pinion!` h'avingf. aalarge.vv aliially'boredbearing hubv rotatable inf said` large fopeningi and removable upwardly through the recess when the bearing plateis-Aremoved; an actuating handle for driving saidl drive pinion having. ashort' shaft engaged with a friction t or other driving relationY in the bore of the hub; a washer on 4the hub engaged. between the upright web and the miter pinion; the teeth of the vmiter pinion converging toward the axis of the gear, and meshing. from above with the miter crown teeth, whereby the annularl gear is held :dat upon the lower web andl in mesh with both pinions; whereby the annular gear isheld in place only by the lower web and thetwo pinions, whereby any torque applied directly to said spindle causes the floating annular gear to rock on a somewhat changeable vertical axis of oscillation near the plane of the axes of the` pinions andbetween the miter pinion and the axis of. the yspurpinion; thereby causing the miter gear on the side of said plane toward'whichl the torque is directedto presstogether and wedge that part. of the annular gear between the lower teeth; saidv gear being provided with a diametric bar across the gear; a stud' mounted onr said bar; a. crank lever attached to said stud and-adapted to move a window sash; al driveY shaft engaged in said bearing opening; avr drive pinion mounted on said drive-shaft and provided with teethmeshing with said gear and holding the gear against said horizontal web; whereby the' annular gear is' held in place only bythe horizontal web; the upright ledge thereof, andthe pinion; whereby any torqueapplied directly to said stud causes the'- floating annular `gear to-rock on asomewhatv changeable horizontal axis between the axis'of the stud and the horizontal web; .thereby causing said annular gear to be forced frictionally against the horiz ontal weband causing gear andi pinionA teeth tol jam W-hena torque is applied to the` gear by said lever, thereby holding the drive pinionand shaft against rotationv actuated by said geen.

' 6. In` combination,v a frame' strip adapted to beA ailxedV to'appurtenant parts of a window frame and provided with a pivotrhole and abearin'g opening a pin in said-hole; a .drive shaft-in said' opening; a pinion on said shaft; a'washer spacing said pinion from the face ofsaid strip a frameplate disposed against the outerA face of said pinion and held in spaced relation'to said strip; a floating annular gear provided with external teeth landhaving the peripheral portionlthereof meshingsaid pinion and received betweensaid strip and said plate; an internalbrake shoeY adapted toengage the inner annular faceof said gear and providedfwith iianges adaptedto'engage both side faces off thegear; said shoe being provided with aLpivot' hole and being pivoted toA said4 strip by '1 said' pin; diametrically opposed spacing blocks mounted ontheface of said gear opposite said frame` strip; a diametric` bar acrossY said gear mounted on saidv blocksian arm mounted' on'said barand adapted to move'a-window, whereby the' annular gear is held in place only by the drivepinion, the frame strip, the frame plate and the brake shoe, whereby any torque applied directly to the diametric bar causes the floating gear to rock en a somewhat changeable axis near the brake shoe; thereby causing said gear to be forced frictionally against said shoe and causing gearr and pinion teeth to jam when a force is applied directly to the arm.

'7. In combination a fulcrum member; a floating circular gear member provided withan axial shaft and having inner and outer peripheral portions, said fulcrum member loosely engaging one of said peripheral portions; and gear drive means engaging the other of said peripheral portions substantially opposite said fulcrum member for rotating said arcuate member and shaft about their common axis, and permitting said gear member to rock only slightly about an axis substantially between a set of points on the arcuate member engaging the fulcrum member and a set of points engaging the drive means, the distance between said vsets of points being less than the distance from the shaft to either of said sets of points, whereby when a torque is applied to the shaft the gear member is not constrained to rotate about said common axis but rotates about the second mentioned axis until stopped by the fulcrum member and the drive means said fulcrum member being a pinion.

8. In combination a fulcrum member; a floating arcuateV gear member provided with an axial shaft and having inner and outer peripheral portions, said fulcrum member loosely engaging one of said peripheral portions; and gear drive means engaging the other of said peripheral portions substantially opposite said fulcrum member for rotating said arcuate member and shaft about their common axis and for allowing said arcuate member to rock slightly about an axis substantially between points on the arcuate member engaging the fulcrum member and points engaging the drive means, whereby when a torqueV is applied to said shaft the gear member will slightly rotate about the last mentioned axis and be held against further movement by said means and member, said fulcrum member engaging the inner peripheral portion of the gear member.

9. In combination a floating arcuate gear having inwardly facing and outer substantially coaxial peripheries of approximately the same radius; a fulcrum part engaged against one of said peripheries; said gear having gear teethv adjacent to the other periphery; a drive pinion engaged with said teeth near and in opposition to said fulcrum part, an adjacent portion of the gear lying between the pinion teeth and said fulcrum part; said gear, teeth, pinion and part being so disposed relative to each other that torque ap- Y plied to the gear causes the gear to rock on a changeable axis'appr'oximately between the fulcrum part and pinion teeth, thereby causing said annular gear to be forced against said fulcrum and said gear and pinion teeth to jam. Y

10. In combination a floating annular gear having inner and outer peripheries; a fulcrum part engaged against one of said peripheries; said gear having gear teeth adjacent to the other periphery; a drive pinion engaged with said teeth near and in opposition to said fulcrum part; and transmitting mean's driven by the gear.

11. In combination a supporting member having a bearing opening; afloating annular gear having inner and outer peripheries of approximately the same diameter; afulcrum part carried by said supporting member and engaged against one of said peripheries; said gear having gearrteeth adjacent to the other periphery; a drive shaft in said opening; a drive pinion carried by the shaft and engaged with said teeth near and in opposition to said fulcrum part and on the same side of the gear axis as said fulcrum part; whereby an adjacent portion of the gear annulus lies between the pinion teeth and said fulcrum part; and transmitting means driven by the gear at a point remote from said fulcrum part; said means, gear, teeth, pinion and part being so disposed relative to each other that extraneous force on the transmitting means applying torque to the gear causes the gear to rock on a slightly changeable axis, between the fulcrum part and pinion teeth, thereby causing said annular gear to be forced against said fulcrum, causing the gear and pinion teeth to jam, thereby holding the drive pinion and shaft against rotation by said gear.

12. In combination a supporting member having a flat face and a bearing opening; a floating annular gear disposed flat against said face and having inner and outer peripheries of approximately the same diameter; a fulcrum part carried by said supporting member and engaged against one of said peripheries; said gear having gear teeth adjacent to the other peripheries; a drive shaft in said opening; arpinion carried by the shaft and engaged with said teeth near and in opposition to said fulcrum part and on the same side of the gear axis as said fulcrum part, whereby an adjacent portion of the gear lies betweenV the pinion teeth and said fulcrum part; and transmitting means driven by the gear at a point remote from said fulcrum part.

LAURENCE C. 

